Bordwell, David and Tompson are two extremely familiar names. As I am a student in majoring in cinema, they were the co-writers of the text for my first semester. Therefore, the content of this reading was extremely familiar.

Cause and effect – drives the narrative. Characters are persons. They have traits. They have needs and desires. Therefore they have cause to act a certain way and this creates an effect to the narrative. Sometimes, cause and effect may not even relate to character, but may be more due to the circumstances (natural occurrences, natural disasters).

Time – We construct time. When we read a book, and there is a lengthy description, we understand that time pauses within the novel. Things are not happening while the situation is explained to the reader.

• Temporal Order: events presented out of chronological order.
• Temporal Frequency: mostly, a story event is presented only once, however, it may be hashed up again. This may allow the audience to absorb more of what is happening or pick up more detail. This could include flash backs

Space – in film narrative, however, space is usually an important factor. Events occur in well defined and established areas.

Experimental Film – made to explore certain type of film making