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ACTOR TECHNOLOGY THEORY
#272,080,205
So I just discover that I’m the face #272,080,205 in the ocean of 1,278,842,363 faces map of facebook. It’s quite insane to realise how facebook has become so popular in today life. I, myself find facebook very addictive. Just need internet and a device to connect then you are out there, showing off who you are or create a different identity for yourself. If people public their page then to get to know them never be that easy, go through their timeline, photos, friend list, notes, you instantly develop your first impression for them; you can even check out their favourite movies, singers, books, where they have been…etc. It’s in a way very interesting that facebook brings people together just within a few clicks.
However, it’s just as easy to get yourself into troubles with what you think is interesting. Identity thieves, hackers, cyber bully and all sort of crazy things could happen just base on the information you put on facebook.
How much info is safe?
database, CD-ROM and Web
In this week reading, Mr.Manovich first explains the term “database” in computer science as a structured collection of data. The data stored in a database is anything but a simple collection of items. There are different types of databases such as hierarchical, network, relational, and object-oriented; use different models to organize data.
He then addresses database as a cultural form of its own, a new symbolic form of a computer science age. The world appears to us as an endless and unstructured collection of texts, images, and other data records; it’s only appropriate that we will be moved to model it as a database.
Manovich the uses the CD-ROM as an example to exemplify the dominance of database forms in new media. The identity of a CD-ROM as a storage media is projected onto another place, becomes a cultural form of its own. Multimedia works that have “cultural” content appear particularly to favor the database form.
He also mentions the Web pages are computer files that can always be edited, which makes Web sites a open resource as they always grow. New links, new contents are being added. As the result, Web comes a collection, not a story since new elements are being added over time.
a memento from a life being lived
In the 20th century and the period between the two world wars, the photography became the dominant and most ‘natural’ way of referring to appearances. It replaced the world as immediate testimony. Photography was thought of as being most transparent, offering direct access to the real, the great witnessing masters of the medium.
Photography offered a new technical opportunity then its usage and its reading were becoming habitual, an unexamined part of modern perception itself. Many developments contributed to this transformation; the new film industry, the invention of lightweight camera, the discovery of photojournalism and the emergence of advertising, etc. .
A mechanical device, the camera has been used as an instrument to contribute to a living memory; the photograph is a memento from a life being lived .
“Words, comparisons, signs need to create a context for a printed photograph in a comparable approaches. A radial system has to be constructed around the photograph so that it may be seen in terms which are simultaneously personal, political, economic, dramatic, everyday and historic”
From Berger, John “Uses of Photography” About Looking. NY: Vintage International, Berger, John “Uses of Photography” About Looking. NY: Vintage International, 1991. 48-63
Remediation
Remediation is a new concept in the media circles. The remediation theory was developed from mediation in 1990. The theory argues that that nothing precedes mediation moreover; mediation concept is remediation since every aspect of mediation is based on mediation. Remediation is based on two important concepts namely hypermediacy and immediacy. The two concepts show that the new media platform is more authentic and real than the previous media.
The two logics of remediation show four major ways in which the current digital media remediate the analogue media. The concept of remediation champions the concept of immediacy; this implies that the digital media reproduce former media forms without any distortions of the subject matter or the process. Just like the case with digitalized photos, which maintains the original subject and the concept from paintings, the new digitized platform of remediate the mediation that existed before. They enhance the previous media platform by refashioning it and making it more authentic and real. The remediation makes it possible to represent the subject matter better than the previous media platform. The targeted audience through various media under digitized media will get the information better than if the sane information was presented through previous media platform.
The media platforms take various forms, which includes the print media, paintings, film, and paragraph. Take a case of the film Strange Days. The director of the movie, Lenny Nero describes the movie as uncut and pure. He asserts that when you watch the film you relate to it; you hear it, you feel it, in fact, you are witnessing because it is pure and authentic. The concept of wire technology has been used in the film; the wire technology is better than all forms of mediation by ensuring that it transmits the information from one individual to the other. Strange desire puts a good platform to the fascination, superiority and powers of media technologies.
The birth of remediation theory in 1999 was marked by huge supply of cellular phones, telephone answering machines for both voice and text based, radios, television screens for advertisements. According to Nielsen (2005), the wire technology remains the backbone of technology in the remediation. In fact, the wire technology ensures that it has the capacity to mediate. The concept of wire technology has the capacity to efface hence it is possible to contrive it as analogue film by ensuring that the originality, authenticity, and reality is maintained.
The remediation refashions the various aspects of former media platforms and apparatus. The remediation is driven by the fact there is need put in pace consistency in all forms of media including print, television, and audio print. Bolter (2000) says that the remediation therefore redefines medium as that which has the capacity to remediate any relevant network of relationship between several aspects such as formal aspects, material aspects, social aspects, and economic aspects.
The remediation process of refashioning old media to new digital media and technologies is based on three desires and logics. Remediating the future media platform and technologies is one such logic (Qvortrup 2006). The other logic is to remediate the future prior to its occurrences. Finally, the other logical justification of remediation is the fact that it should capture the future by applying it in the present.
The media has great impact in all aspects of social, economic, and political arenas. With the remediation in place, the economic, social, and political aspects have been enhanced thanks to remediation. The print media has made great progress with the remediation approaches. Take example of the New York Times, 50 years ago or more the media print was less authentic and real and could not adequately appeal to the targeted audience (Hayles 2003). It has enhanced the previous media platform by refashioning New York Times and making it more authentic and real. The remediation makes it possible to represent the subject matter better than the previous media platform. The targeted audience under various media will get the information better than if the sane information was presented through previous media platform.
Remediation is a new concept in the media circles. The remediation theory was developed from mediation in 1990. The theory argues that that nothing precedes mediation moreover; mediation concept is remediation since every aspect of mediation is on the basis of another. Remediation is based on two important concepts namely hypermediacy and immediacy. The two concepts show that the new media platform is more authentic and real than the previous media
Quick about photography
Photographs alter and enlarge our notions of what is worth looking at and what we have a right to observe. They are a grammar, and even more importantly an ethics of seeing . Photographs really are experience captured, and the camera is the ideal arm of consciousness in its acquisitive mood. To photograph is to appropriate the thing photographed. It means putting oneself into a certain relation to the world that feels like knowledge . Recently, photography has become almost as widely practiced an amusement as sex and dancing which means that like every mass art form, photography is not practiced by most people as an art. It is mainly a social rite, a defense against anxiety, and a tool of power . Photographs give people an imaginary possession of a part that is unreal, they also help people to take possession of space in which they are insecure . A photograph is not just the result of an encounter between an event and a photographer; picture taking is an event in itself, and one with ever more peremptory rights to interfere with, to invade or to ignore whatever is going on.
From Sontag, Susan. On photography, p3-13. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1979
Books without Pages – Novels without Endings
“the possible plot possibilities, eliminating many of them and specifying appropriate choices or priorities for situations where the story pulls from multiple directions”
I’m so fascinating about this idea that I’m able to read stories that change its shape every time I read it. How can it even be possible? Thanks to hypertext and modern technologies, everything impossible seems so possible now. To be honest, I never experience such thing, maybe I’m too old school. It’s almost like the story interact with our mood, we can choose which direction we know it to go and drive it with our curiosity. Isn’t that wonderful?
I didn’t thought of using hypertext in such way. Applying hypertext to create open ended novels, page-less books bring reading to a whole new level. The stories just become so lively and real as they live up to the reader actions. Years ago, I think we could definitely call this a design fiction. A design fiction became real and made fictions no longer fictional.
However, I don’t think the general public will live with this “high-tech book” idea for so long. The readers will get lost in their own development direction, the authors will die, printing and traditional book reading will vanish. The author is no longer in position to control his/her work, they don’t even know how their stories will end, what situation the characters will be put in… Personally, I still prefer the one ended novels with signature touch of the authors. Isn’t that what novel meant to be? It’s about what the authors want to tell the reader and express their creative literacy by words.
Rather than using this model of high-tech to write up novels, we can use it in another niche. We can draw up possibilities of our own life with hypertext, turning novels to life prediction of consequences. We can foresee how our life would be if we choose to do this instead of that. Develop and discover to find out the very best possible direction to drive our own life with hypertext-novel.
new media
I came across a reading from David J Bolter about new media in the book Remediation: understanding new media that I think quite interesting how new media, new technology have changed our ways of reading and our literary skills. As I believe this helps me to understand deeper about hypertext which is also considered a kind of new media.
Bolter suggested in the first part of the reading that whenever one medium seems to have convinced viewers of its immediacy, other media try to appropriate that conviction . He stated that remediation did not begin with the introduction of digital media. The last several hundred years of Western visual representation all attempts to achieve immediacy by ignoring or denying the presence of the medium and the act of mediation.
What is new about new media comes from the particular ways in which they refashion older media and the ways in which older media refashion themselves to answer the challenges of new media.
Although each medium promises to reform its predecessors by offering a more immediate or authentic experience, the promise of reform inevitably leads us to become aware of the new medium as a medium. Thus, immediacy leads to hypermediacy, the process of remediation makes us aware that all media are at one level a “play of signs”, which is a lesson that we take from poststructuralist literary theory. New digital media are not external agents that come to disrupt an unsuspecting culture. They emerge from within cultural contexts, and they refashion order media, which are embedded in the same or similar contexts.